Personal Reflection The Definition Of Academic Integrity

Integrity is defined in the Webster dictionary as â€Å"the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles† or as â€Å"moral uprightness†. To me, integrity is basically just having a strong sense of morals. A person with integrity is someone who strives to do the best they can and is â€Å"whole† in character. With this being said, I feel that integrity is not just one certain trait, it is a combination of many traits in one. For example, honesty, trustworthiness, virtues, good intentions, etc. are all aspects of having integrity. I feel that someone who has integrity is overall a well-rounded individual who is in control of what they do, and they work to do the right thing as much as possible. They are the leaders, the teachers, the†¦show more content†¦A person who has integrity is able to better differentiate between what is right and what is wrong, and they are expected to make better decisions in the long run. When you are a child, inte grity is something that you are brought up to live with even though you don’t even realize what it is yet. Integrity is important because it improves character and challenges you to be the best version of yourself. There is a sense of integrity inside everyone at some point, it is just your choice to build on it. Academic integrity is important due to the fact that it is a reflection of your true academic intentions and accomplishments. Having academic integrity means you are willing to put in the hard work and push through any obstacle you come in contact with on the path to your future. When you follow a code of academic integrity, you are pledging to do your work honestly throughout your academic career and do whatever it takes to accomplish your goals. This will add more credibility to your chosen degree because it means that you actually have what it takes and you truly learned as you worked to accomplish everything. A person who abides by a code of academic integrity i s able to build up a better character and reputation that will help them out in the future. Integrity is a trait that people want and a trait that people look for in others. Academic integrity allows students to build upShow MoreRelatedThe Is A Spiritual Journey Of A Students Education1424 Words   |  6 Pagesways of knowing Truth. It is a transformational process of becoming which is a singularly powerful lived experience. More importantly, this spiritual journey is a deconstruction and reconstruction of self; it is a movement from individualistic academic pursuit toward scholarship embodied. The process and processes by which learners develop into leaders are critically important to advancing the global health and education priorities of the 21st century. The globalization and interconnectednessRead MoreWhat Is An Educated Person?922 Words   |  4 Pagesplan my educational progress; I would be in a better place for furthering my education. Instead of wondering why I was taking courses that just did not make sense; I could have understood the standards and took responsibility for my undergraduate academic decisions. I always believed that you do not need a college education to be an educated person. Through the years, I have worked with recent college graduates. Questioning how some of these individuals managed to graduate nor did I consider themRead MoreRn Lifereview Interview1252 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Life Review Interview – This includes description of the goals and benefits of life review, your differentiation between a Life Review and ordinary remembering and your analysis of the degree of ego integrity reached by the older adult. 3. 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Is it partly because we don’t categorize plagiarism as cheating or is it because of the prevalent occurrences: that everybody does it so whyRead MoreGrand Theory Compare and Contrast Essay example1511 Words   |  7 Pagesseveral sources in an attempt to allow for a less biased view of each theory and an interpretation of the data. |Theorist |Category |Education |Philosophy of Nursing |Definition of |Goal/Purpose of Theory | | | | | |Nursing | | | | Read MoreAcademic Integrity Becomes The Breeding Ground For Ethics2504 Words   |  11 PagesAcademic Integrity can be defined in six simple words: honesty, trust, fairness, respect, responsibility, and courage (ICAI). Through these values individuals are able to encourage academic communities to turn their ideologies into actions (ICAI). Therefore, Academic Integrity becomes the breeding ground for ethics in academia. When looking at cheating, plagiarism, maintaining academic standards, and maintaining a sense of honesty in levels of academia, the goal of academic leaders is to encourageRead MoreBecoming a Certified Teacher in Missouri890 Words   |  4 Pagesresources to guide through process can be found under Fingerprinting/Background Check on the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education website o http://dese.mo.gov †¢ Third step: Required Tests o Basic Skills testing o College Basic Academic Subjects Examination(CBASE) o Subject Area testing o Praxis II †¢ Subject specific content knowledge o Must pass with Missouri’s passing scores †¢ Fourth Step: Recommendation for Certification o From the designated official for teacher educationRead MoreMy Reflection On The Event1327 Words   |  6 PagesSummary At the beginning and before I write my reflection about the event, I want to thank you Dr. Robinson for your suggestion to attend the event, because this events it is the first one to me in this university. I learned a lot of information about other cultures and I benefited from the experience and culture of its presenters. The event’s title was diversity and leadership, it was divided into four sections, as follows: 1- Forms of Diversity. 2- Leader’s Transvers the Globe. 3- Minding the Gab

Oral Language Development - 2978 Words

Children develop oral language at a very early age. Almost every sound a human being makes can be considered communication. As children grow up, they are constantly observing and practicing communication and oral language. What they know about oral language has an effect on the development of their literacy skills. Students who had difficulty with early speech communication skills were believed to be at risk for readingÂ…and consequently writing (Montgomery, 1998). Therefore, the development of oral language has an effect on the ways in which emergent readers develop literacy. Transcribed dialog taken from a personal interview with a 3-year-old girl named Gianna will be referred to in this paper. Giannas dialog will provide†¦show more content†¦al., 1998, p.536). Gianna understands this. Most of her sentences show syntax. For example, she says I like to touch him and Look, now Im using yellow. (DiNobile, 1998). Both of these examples are grammatically correct. Syntax is basically the same with regard to reading. When a student reads a sentence in a book, she typically understands the material because it is worded just as it would be spoken. Readers use their knowledge of the meaningful arrangement of words in sentences to construct meaning from text (Vacca et. al., 1995, p.26). For example, a sentence that reads, my book is green makes sense. If it were worded, green book is my, it would not make sense to the reader. In the two-word stage of oral language development, children between 18 and 20 months of age, begin to use two-word statements. During this stage, children rapidly learn the value of language for expressing concepts, and especially the power of language to aid them in communication their desires to others (Dworetzky, 1996, p.241). There are four different types of two-word phrases. Children use two-word phrase to locate or name something, to demand or desire something, to indicate possession, and to question something. A few examples are there book, more milk, my shoe, and where ball (Dworetzky, 1996, p.241). There is noShow MoreRelatedOral Language and Child Development1498 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundational aspect of all children’s learning is oral language. Communication orally entails the ability to include four components of spoken language to incorporate, and build on, a child’s vocabulary and grammar. These four elements consist of the phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic components. Development of a child’s language skills should form together resulting in literacy success later in life. In order to master the teaching of oral language, three strategies are used. These includeRead MoreEssay on Oral Language Development2897 Words   |  12 PagesOral Language Development Children develop oral language at a very early age. Almost every sound a human being makes can be considered communication. As children grow up, they are constantly observing and practicing communication and oral language. What they know about oral language has an effect on the development of their literacy skills. â€Å"Students who had difficulty with early speech communication skills were believed to be at risk for reading†¦and consequently writing† (Montgomery, 1998)Read MoreOral Language And Development : Developing Language Through Nature And Nurture Theories Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesSarah Przybylo Oral Language and Development Developing Language Through Nature and Nurture Theories Language development is much more complex than one would think. Not only are there strategies and factors behind developing one’s native language, but there are also theories set in place to guide the steps of building language. On the other hand, nurture inspired theories (also know as empiricist) are based of factors in the environment. This means that people believe nurture theories are basedRead MoreELT task 3 Essay examples955 Words   |  4 Pagesincorporate in any lesson. Therefore, summarizing a presentation during and after listening will help any student increase their chances of remembering important information. B. Create an activity that is meant to develop a specific listening or oral communication skill. In order to develop a specific listening skill such as hearing main ideas, teachers can instruct student to write the main ideas of the lesson presentation. The teacher can encourage the class to read aloud their main ideas.Read MoreEffective Communications Oral Language2441 Words   |  10 PagesEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS AND ORAL LANGUAGE Oral language is the greatest use of language and is the basis of communication - in fact it is the basis of literacy. Language plays a vital role in the personal and social development of children. It enables them to gain an understanding of themselves and others and strengthens their social relationships. (Oral Language Resource Book: First Steps; page 45) Through listening and speaking students learn about themselves and about their world. LearningRead MoreLanguage Is A Human System Of Communicating Essay2024 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Language can be seen and heard; it can be diverse or standard. With this in mind, discuss the different roles that language can have in a child’s life. Language is a human system of communicating that can be seen and heard. Language can be seen by reading and writing, signs or gestures, symbols or pictures and can be heard when talking, reading aloud or actively listening to someone. By using language in these forms it enables us to express our thoughts and feelings, indicates ideasRead MoreHow Does Art And Music Help With Language Development?2947 Words   |  12 Pagesart and music help with language development? Imagine a classroom in which children sing every day, establishing singing as an important social and cultural experience in each child s life. Singing is celebratory and social, establishing meaningful connections to children s lives and experiences, such as birthdays, welcomes, sports events, and festivals (Ministry of Education, 2001). Researchers recognized that musical activities reinforce many aspects of language development. For example: chantingRead MoreOral Language Essay1258 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage as an object can mean many things but it is a physical thing, something you can see, e.g. social media, written, spoken, audio, text etc. Language as a social process is different than being an object. It is how individuals and groups interact, adjust/readjust the relationships and patterns of behaviour and how they are modified through social interactions, it is how we speak, formal vs informal, language in social context etc. Social process is dynamic forever changing. Although languageRead MoreThe Oral Skills Of Little Children Essay970 Words   |  4 Pageshave been hypothesized to affect the oral skills of little children. It was claimed that children who were told stories would use more formal language than the those who do not. We are three first and second grade teachers, we were wondering how we could use this idea in our classrooms to measure how storytelling and story reading influence the language development. We wanted to see if adding oral storytelling or reading would hel p our students in their oral language. This study was conducted on 30 firstRead MoreSummary Of Article. In The Article, â€Å"Response To Intervention1247 Words   |  5 Pagesthe article, â€Å"Response to Intervention in Reading for English Language Learners†, the authors Sharon Vaughn and Alba Ortiz explain, how much native language and/or ESL instruction students receive depends on the program model. Students in English as a second language programs do not receive native language instruction; they are typically educated within general education classrooms and have a support program for English as a Second Language. In planning Response to Intervention approaches, it is significant

Salem Witch Trials and New York City Essay Example For Students

Salem Witch Trials and New York City Essay 1) Who were the Puritans and how did Puritans organize their local communities? Why did the religious fervor of New England Puritans decline after 1660? How did the Salem witch episode reflect the tensions and changes in seventeenth-century New England life and thought? The Puritans were a group of people who grew discontent in the Church of England that had a profound influence on the social, political, ethical, and theological ideas of England and America. Puritans immigrated to the New World, where they sought to found a holy commonwealth in New England. Although the Puritans wanted to reform the world to conform to Gods law, they did not set up a church-run state. Even though they believed that the primary purpose of government was to punish breaches of Gods laws, few people were as committed as the Puritans to the separation of church and state. Not only did they reject the idea of establishing a system of church courts, they also forbade ministers from holding public office. Puritans were mainly concerned with religious matters, rather than politics or social matters. Puritans also lost their power in politics. In future Puritans would no longer be allowed to become members of the House of Commons or local counselors. They were also excluded from universities and from teaching in schools. Strict censorship was also imposed on books. All books dealing with history, science or philosophy had to be checked by the government and the leaders of the church before they were published. The Salem Witch Trials were a notorious episode in New England colonial history that led to the execution of 14 women and 6 men, in 1692, for charges of witchcraft. The trials began as a result of the bizarre and inexplicable behavior of two young girls, afflicted by violent convulsions and strange fits that seemingly rendered them unable to hear, speak, or see. After a medical examination and a review by Puritan clergy, the girls were judged to be victims of witchcraft. In the ensuing hysteria during the summer of 1692, nearly 200 people were accused of witchcraft and imprisoned. The central characters of the Salem witchcraft episode are the so-called afflicted children responsible for most of the accusations and much of the spectral evidence testimony presented against the victims. They are often referred to as children because with the exception of two individuals this entire group was under the age of twenty at the time the episode began. The Salem Witch Trials demonstrated the weakness of a judicial system that elied on hearsay testimony and encouraged accusations, while providing no adequate means of rebuttal. 2) Identify the basic beliefs and assumptions of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. How did these two movements affect colonial development? How did the American colonies move from loyalty to protest to rebellion in the twelve years following the end of the French and Indian War? The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that began in Europe during the seventeenth century, and stressed the values of humanism and rationality over divine principles. Enlightment intellectual bases of dissent 1763: turning point up to that time had salutary neglect, and no longer happy with the colonists at same time intellectually, the Americans start to question relationship with Great Britain Before this era, people’s knowledge on politics was based on perception of god In Europe: the Enlightenment; tells you that reason is important, think for yourself reason, science don’t just accept things, but question itself evident natural law that tells you what is right and what’s wrong; use inquiries to think for them Colonials will question the British and question it Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin question it. Franklin went off on ministers was an atheist Clergy and ministers are shocked and got run out of town Evident that all men are created equal Religious basis for descent at same time Enlightenment is liberal; secular Religious movement is very conservative Great Awakening Middle 1770’s: Americans begin to re-evaluate their relationship with religion think country isn’t religious enough think reason and logic will lead to strange things Some folks are nostalgic Began when Minister Jonathon Edwards Calvin believed in predestination Believed that god determined your fate and nothing you do could stop it People believe they are â€Å"reborn† accept fate Must give oneself over to god in order to get back to the â€Å"garden of Eden† Sense that organized religion is losing its order George Whitfield: Charismatic speaker people who join movement are poor and the ones who are left behind they expand, and wealthy people join too political and social purpose to this as well Whitfield and others create a national movement also there are class divisions attack organized religion create division within various churches some folks like it and some don’t. The colonists were interested in settling in the Ohio River Valley because of ts fertile soil. The entry of land speculators caused some concern among the French and Indians who had developed trade relationships among themselves. The British were able to defeat the combined French and Indian forces. This war was conducted at the same time as the Seven Years War in Europe. These conflicts were extremely costly and drained the British treasure. England needed to find ways to save money as well as to increase revenues to the treasury. The result of the French and Indian War was a series of Parliamentary acts which caused colonial anger. Eventually this anger increased until responses and their counter-responses led to war. ) What advantages and disadvantages did the American rebels and the Bri tish possess as the war began? Why was the Battle of Saratoga such a key to American success in the Revolutionary War? What role did France play in winning the America’s independence and what were the long term implications for France? Britain had significant military disadvantages; Distance was a major problem most troops and supplies had to be shipped across the Atlantic Ocean. The British had problems planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of military forces. British had better navy, better equipped army, resources of an empire, coherent structure of command. Greek Mythology (2897 words) EssayIn a further expansion of executive power, Congress granted Jefferson latitude to raise a standing army, and to suspend the embargo at his discretion. The republics expansion to the west and renewed military conflict with Indian nations and Great Britain each posed a fundamental challenge to the fragile new republic. All three of these factors played a role in the coming of the War of 1812. The War of 1812, a seemingly unnecessary war fought between Great Britain and the United States, was partly a result of the successes of Napoleon and his French army. America was officially neutral in the war between Britain and France but traded with both. One tactic of the English, due to their superior navy, was to restrict trade between France and any countries not allied with her. The Americans had been supplying many needed goods to France. England effectively blocked all trade between the French and the U. S. Atlantic and Caribbean coasts. Only vessels that had first passed through a British port were allowed to sail unimpeded to the United Sates. Following the War of 1812, the Federalist Party practically ceased to exist. After the Battle of New Orleans, their objection to the war seemed to be disloyalty than good political sense. By 1821 there were only four Federalists in the Senate of 48 members. The presidential election of 1816, which the Federalist candidate lost, was the last time the party nominated a candidate for the office.

Collected Against Scammers Plutus Payroll â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Collected Against Scammers Plutus Payroll? Answer: Introducation The information that is asked for in the first question is that how the tax scam was executed by the Plutus Payroll, a payroll administration company. The story as suspected by the Federal Police of Australia is that the entire fraud was carried out under the veal of Pay As You Go scheme by further holding back the tax which it owed to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). The entire fraudulent activity ran for an entire year, right from June 2016 till May 2017 and pulled out a scam of approx $165 million[1]. Plutus Payroll essentially provided services to administer payroll for customers who generally are large corporate employers. Plutus used to collect the funds from these companies for the payment of wages and salaries. The primary task of Plutus was to collect the funds and pay the Pay As You Go contributions to the ATO. But the scammers in order to carry out the scam successfully set up small scale companies which disguised their conspiracy. Plutus would pose as funding the col lections in aproper way and then forwarding the PAYG tax to the Australian Taxation Office but would keep a part of the money illegally. They would do so with the help of false bank accounts and other documents. The members majorly involved in the scam are Michael Cranston, (ATO Deputy Commissioner); Adam Cranston (son of Michael); Lauren Cranston (Daughter of Michael); Dev Menon (Tax lawyer); Jason Onley (business partner of Adam Cranston); Simon Anquetil (Former chairman and Chief Executive officer of Plutus)[2]. The Plutus payroll scam is one of the biggest white collar frauds that had occurred in the history of Australia. The case as observed has involved a senior level tax official of the Australian Taxation Office and his family and also resulted in a number of police arrests and the legal seizure of a huge list of luxury goods, which also included sports cars and light planes. The scam was executed in a very subtle way. Plutus received funds from legitimate clients in order to process or administer their payroll. This money was in turn transferred to small tier companies comprising of anti socials who were especially hired in order to run these sub contracted companies which acted as a cover for the fraud. The directors of these companies were known as straw directors. These people knew nothing about controlling or managing business but worked for a share in the illegally earned scam money. Now the tax obligations that were required to be paid by the means of Pay As You Go to the Austral ian Taxation Office were not paid. Investigations conducted later found out that only a part of the tax obligations were paid. The remaining money of there was no account was allegedly ripped off by the scammers and distributed through a critical number of companies and firms for their own illegal benefits.[3] the son of Michael Cranston and Simon Anquetil, a tech entrepreneur[4]. The question that has been asked is that what are the evidence that were collected against the scammers of Plutus Payroll. Police investigations came up with evidence that a fake trust account was created in order to support the scam. It was found out that the two masterminds of the scam were Adam Cranston and Jay Onley. The responsibility of the fake trust account though was controlled by Chalabian, who still remains without any charge. In a report presented by the investigating officer it has been mentioned that the fake trust account funds worth millions and the other two major players of the scam Daniel Rostankovski and Daniel Hausman blackmailed their co-conspirators for extra share. In October, police investigators came upon an evidence as Adam Cranston discussed how one of the handful number of small tier companies, the conspirators did channel money for the scam transferred $2.745 million to the trust account[5] . As a forensic investigator the proceedings has to be done seriously.[6] The proceedings of the case should match with APES 215, that is it should comply with certain laid down codes like the Code of Conduct and that there should be an expert witness. The two final steps would be that re-checking whether all the investigation has been done without any kind of biasness that is the case has been investigated from a neutral point of view. As it is found in this study there are a handful of people who still remain without any charge, so the second step would be sincere effort for collection of enough evidence so that these people could be found guilty. References Evans, Michael, How The Alleged $165 Million Tax Scam Worked (2017) The Sydney Morning Herald https://www.smh.com.au/national/how-the-alleged-165-million-tax-scam-worked-20170518-gw7wuz.html Plutus Payroll Clients And Staff Fell For Plausible Business Model Fairy Tales (2017) Theregister.co.uk https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/05/19/plutus_payroll_fallout/ Australia, Business, What We Know About Plutus Payroll, The Company Allegedly At The Centre Of Australia's Biggest Tax Fraud (2017) Business Insider https://www.businessinsider.com/what-we-know-about-plutus-payroll-the-company-allegedly-at-the-centre-of-australias-biggest-tax-fraud-2017-5?IR=T Senior Manager From Payroll Company Embroiled In Tax Fraud Speaks Out (2017) Mail Online https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4521228/Plutus-Payroll-Australia-manager-speaks-tax-fraud.html Senior Manager From Payroll Company Embroiled In Tax Fraud Speaks Out (2017) Mail Online https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4521228/Plutus-Payroll-Australia-manager-speaks-tax-fraud.html (2017) https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/standards/apesb_standards/13092014103232p1.pdf [1] Michael Evans, How The Alleged $165 Million Tax Scam Worked (2017) The Sydney Morning Herald https://www.smh.com.au/national/how-the-alleged-165-million-tax-scam-worked-20170518-gw7wuz.html. [2] Plutus Payroll Clients And Staff Fell For Plausible Business Model Fairy Tales (2017) Theregister.co.uk https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/05/19/plutus_payroll_fallout/. [3] Business Australia, What We Know About Plutus Payroll, The Company Allegedly At The Centre Of Australia's Biggest Tax Fraud (2017) Business Insider https://www.businessinsider.com/what-we-know-about-plutus-payroll-the-company-allegedly-at-the-centre-of-australias-biggest-tax-fraud-2017-5?IR=T. [4] Senior Manager From Payroll Company Embroiled In Tax Fraud Speaks Out (2017) Mail Online https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4521228/Plutus-Payroll-Australia-manager-speaks-tax-fraud.html. [5] Ben Butler and Ben Butler, Lawyers Caught Up In Fraud Sting (2017) Theaustralian.com.au https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/plutus-scam-lawyers-caught-up-in-payroll-fraud-sting/news-story/22f9df1654d0988b22e24ddf33d94504. [6] (2017) https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/standards/apesb_standards/13092014103232p1.pdf.

Anyone Can Write a Research Paper!

1. Begin early We as a whole do it. We hold up until the LAST day to begin a task, and after that, something turns out badly finally, and Oops! We get an awful review by Best Research Paper Writing Services in USA. Continuously begin your articles early. This is the thing that I suggest. Mainly since composing an examination paper requires more exertion than a customary paper may. 2. Read the Guidelines Ever removed a shirt from the dryer to discover it has contracted 10 sizes too little? This is on the grounds that the shirt likely wasnt intended to go in the dryer, and in the event that you had perused the tag, youd have spared yourself one entire piece of attire! Before you even START on composing an exploration paper, READ THE GUIDELINES. 3. Conceptualize look into paper themes Once in a while were appointed papers where we know precisely what we need to expound on before we begin. Compose an exposition on my most loved place to movement I know where I will pick! Be that as it may, there are presumably more occasions where we DONT know precisely what we need to expound on, and we may even experience an inability to write. Heres a case of a mind-delineate simply improved the situation Influential People! By composing whatever rung a bell and interfacing those musings, I could concoct many powerful individuals to expound on — I could think of EVEN MORE in the event that I continued composition!! Following this strategy, you can decide your own particular research paper subjects to expound on in a way that is fast and easy. 4. Work out your inquiries To get the BEST research, you need to make inquiries. Inquiries on inquiries on questions. The thought is that you get to the foundation of whatever you are discussing so you can compose a quality article on it. Suppose you have the inquiry: How would I compose an exploration paper? Would you be able to answer this without more data? 5. Do the examination It IS an examination paper, all things considered. In any case, you would prefer not to type every one of your inquiries into Google and pick the principal source you see. Few out of every odd snippet of data on the web is valid, or precise. Heres a way you can undoubtedly check your hot spots for validity: Look for the who, what, and when. WHO Who is the creator of the source? What are they known for? Do they have extensive experience with the subject they expounded on? Does the creator reference different sources? Are those sources believable as well? WHAT What does the Primary or Home page of a site resemble? Is it proficient looking? Is there an association supporting the data, and do they appear to be true blue Do they represent considerable authority in the subject? At the point when At the point when was the source produced — today, a week ago, multi-month, a year prior? Has there been new or extra data given since this data was distributed? Twofold check every one of your sources along these lines. Since this is an examination paper, your written work is good for nothing without different sources to back it up.

Ancient Roman Calendar Terminology

Ancient Roman Calendar Terminology The Ides Can Be on the 15th You may know that the Ides of March the day on which Julius Caesar was assassinated was the 15th of March, but that doesnt mean the Ides of a month was necessarily on the 15th. The Roman calendar was originally based on the first three phases of the moon, with days counted, not according to a concept of a week, but backward from lunar phases. The new moon was the day of the Kalends, the moons first quarter was the day of the Nones, and the Ides fell on the day of the full moon. The Kalends section of the month was the longest, since it spanned two lunar phases, from the full to the new moon. To see it another way: Kalends New Moon (no moon to be seen)Nones 1st quarter moonIdes Full Moon (whole moon visible in the night sky) When the Romans fixed the length of the months, they also fixed the date of the Ides. In March, May, July, and October, which were (most of them) months with 31 days, the Ides was on the 15th. On other months, it was the 13th. The number of days in the Ides period, from the Nones to the Ides, remained the same, eight days, while the Nones period, from the Kalends to the Nones, might have four or six and the Kalends period, from the Ides to the start of the next month, had from 16-19 days. The days from the Kalends to the Nones of March would have been written: Kal.ante diem VI Non. Mart.ante diem V Non. Mart.ante diem IV Non. Mart.ante diem III Non. Mart.pr. Non. Mart.Nonae The days from the Nones to the Ides of March would have been written: ante diem VIII Id. Mart.ante diem VII Id. Mart.ante diem VI Id. Mart.ante diem V Id. Mart.ante diem IV Id. Mart.ante diem III Id. Mart.pr. Id. Mart.Idus The day before the Nones, Ides or Kalends was called Pridie. Kalends (Kal) fell on the first day of the month. Nones (Non) was the 7th of 31 day months March, May, July, and October, and the 5th of other months. Ides (Id) fell on the 15th of 31 day months March, May, July, and October, and on the 13th of other months. Calendars | Roman Calendars Ides, Nones on the Julian Calendar Month Latin name Kalends Nones Ides January Ianuarius 1 5 13 February Februarius 1 5 13 March Martius 1 7 15 April Aprilis 1 5 13 May Maius 1 7 15 June Iunius 1 5 13 July Iulius 1 7 15 August Augustus 1 5 13 September September 1 5 13 October October 1 7 15 November November 1 5 13 December December 1 5 13 If you find this view confusing, try Julian Dates, which is another table showing the dates of the Julian calendar, but in a different format.

Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Letter from Birmingham Jail - Essay Example During the period of Martin Luther King, American society witnessed unethical, incredible and pathetic practice of discrimination between the white and black. Although this discrimination resulted in dissatisfaction among the Negros, their inefficiency and helplessness restricted them from taking any steps to break the bondage. They were treated as aliens in their own region, deprived of all sorts of freedom. Their religious churches and worship centers were also destroyed. Luther clearly explains why he has visited Birmingham. It is stated that the situation in the locality was worse and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights could not resist the power of the authority. Hence, they invited him to overcome the existing crisis. The letter says that â€Å"several months ago the affiliate here in Birmingham asked us to be on call to engage in a nonviolent direct action program if such were deemed necessary† (King). He convinces the clergymen that being entrusted with mis sion of working for the society, he has desperately moved to the land so that he could uplift it. And now he is confined to his activities he had undertaken, and this he attributes to the unjust act of the ruling power. Moreover, he expresses dissatisfaction as he justifies the responsibility stating that he cannot sit idle or remain blind to the injustice happening to his fellow citizens. Every act is intention oriented. Similarly, this ‘Letter from Birmingham’ also intends a group of people, and they are none other than the clergymen. The reason behind writing the letter is to convince them why he has undertaken such movements. It is precisely to defend the criticism raised by the religious heads and his fellow clergymen. It clearly illustrates that the religions neither initiated nor allowed others to do so. Eventually, Luther does not simply target a few of the clergymen but the entire Christianity for being neutral to the situation. It is not a criticism against th e religion but a reminder of the unfair ignorance or negligence of basic responsibility the church displays. Luther is to point that the religion should understand the racial injustice or discrimination and react against it effectively. Since the church is his intended audience, indirectly he questions the responsibilities of the church. Luther strongly holds his view and answers his fellow clergymen who addressed his activities as ‘unwise and untimely’. Moreover, he shows his dedication to the asserted task by stating it beautifully â€Å"Seldom do I pause to answer criticism of my work and ideas† (King). Apart from this, Luther tells the clergymen who are the intended audience that if he and secretaries keep on answering the criticism placed on the table then there would have been no time to involve in the activities planned. And, he also states that what they have contributed is just criticisms; and it is evident from his statement, â€Å"you deplore the demo nstrations taking place in Birmingham† (King). What Luther could not tolerate is the comment made by the church on police force in a positive sense without understanding the real miseries of the Negros. Luther is takes a challenge since he is criticized for his timely actions as untimely. And he conveys the message that he would take further ‘

Argumentative Structure in A Long Way Gone and Sizwe's Test - A Essay

Argumentative Structure in A Long Way Gone and Sizwe's Test - A Comparative Study - Essay Example More importantly each of them have revealed an as yet undiscovered face to the causes that they explore – adding significantly to our understanding of them and their potency. The purpose of this paper is to discern the argumentative structure in either narration and to provide a comparative study based on specific examples from either. Very often, such a study in itself can be very fruitful towards understanding the works better as a pivotal change in narration, a particular emphasis on a style of argument that permeates a given work, or certain paragraph that stand out clearly in it’s narration as opposed to the rest of the text, add significantly to the depth of the work and subconsciously affects the reader’s enjoyment adding or subtracting from it as the case maybe. Before we proceed to the core of our discussion, it would be advisable to consider both works separately and understand the gist of their argument, as this would be important for understanding why a particular work has adopted a particular point of narration. A Long way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier, written by Ishmael Beah, published in 2007, is an autobiographical account of the plight of boy soldiers in world’s conflicts and in particular tell this story from the war ravaged Sierra Leone. ... He presents his story in front of the United Nations where he meets many other people like him and story carries him to the United States where he begins a new life 2. The story tells the hardship of the life of boy soldiers, children who anywhere else in the world are still in the innocence of their childhood and hands that carry books haven’t yet the crassness of a knife. Sierra Leone opens before us in wonderful detail, with the layers of it’s social interaction being visible in greater strides finally dissolving into a medley of social interactions that we all can identify and relate to. Sizwe’s Test by Jonny Steinberg, published in 2008, tells the story of the AIDS epidemic in South Africa. No other country perhaps has been at the peril of this scourge as perhaps South Africa where one in eight men are HIV positive1. Steinberg is puzzled that despite this, most people do not get tested for HIV, nor do they adopt widespread safe sex practices. His story tells us the complex socio – economic realities in the suburban slum of Lusikisiki, thorugh the eyes of Sizwe – a local shop owner 3. The story begins and then proceeds at a casual tone of narration, getting the reader to the characters and the environment in which they live. Then they reveal in wider and ever expanding circles the layers of this semi-urban community and finally tells us why the people are so stigmatized about HIV. Sizwe has had unprotected sex with many women and is at great risk himself, but he refuses to get tested. He becomes the window through which Steinberg narrates the tale of Lusikisiki. The absolute lack of privacy, the fear of being shown as

Expanding Your Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Expanding Your Business - Essay Example In addition, the initial capital outlay for purchasing an existing coffee shop was found to be affordable with the available capital without seeking debt financing which has higher leverage risk (Ward, 2014). The financial plan for Coffee shop will be summarized below into three financial statements namely: income statement, cash flow statement and balance sheet. The statement of financial position will comprises of all revenues/ incomes and expenses incurred in the previous financial year. The cash flow statement will provide the cash generated from financing and operating activities as well as cash outflow. Finally, the balance sheet below commonly known as statement of financial position will display the current and noncurrent assets of Coffee Hot Cafe as well as equity and liabilities of the business (Ward, 2014). Guerrilla-marketing strategy entails promoting a product by presenting its messages from nowhere thereby, capturing the attention of consumers by creating a large impression before disappearing. Coffee Hot Cafe will utilize various Guerrilla marketing strategies to capture the attention of different customers as well as to increase sales and profitability. Among the strategies that will be utilized include. Media, marketing via events, utilization of giveaways, partnership, free demonstrations and word of mouth. Coffee Hot Cafe will influence the media to talk about their products; this will help to create awareness among the members of the public. The use of media may also involve inviting media people to an educative workshop on healthy eating. Further, Coffee Cafe may employ event marketing. This entails participating or supporting certain events such as soccer, volleyball and athletic games. Such events may help to create awareness about the company products (Sam Ashe-Edmunds, 2 014). Giveaway strategy may involve donating to charity or offering free

Automobile Trade Restrictions Economics Essay

Automobile Trade Restrictions Economics Essay The automobile industry is considered a very complex and vital industry compared to others, this is because of the development process with each project. The U.S. has said to have the most open automotive market in the world. The automotive industry has been a part of every major U.S. trade development dating back since World War One and is composed of three broad industries. These three industries consist of high-volume, full-ranged producers, which offer higher volumes and lower prices; while appealing to a mass amount of consumers. GM, Nissan, and Fiat are the main companies in this full-range producer and compete on a cost reduction basis. The second industry is the specialist producers, (BMW, Volvo, and Mercedes) these producers supply higher performance cars at higher prices and compete on the basis of differentiation and cost recovery. Lastly, there are niche producers, (alpine, TRV, and Ferrari), who offer on exclusivity and extreme performance. In addition to these producers, some trends can be identified when examining the global automotive market. These trends consist of the global Market, Establishment of Global Alliances, and Industry Consolidation. First, the global market is considered to be the worlds largest automobile manufacturer. The global market invests in production facilities that reduce production costs and are located in places such as Latin America, China, Malaysia and markets in Southeast Asia. Secondly, Establishment of Global Alliances are referred to as the, The Big Three (GM, Ford and Chrysler) who have merged in partnerships with other European and Japanese automobile manufacturers. Finally, Industry Consolidation involves increasing global competition among manufacturers and positioning within foreign markets. The U.S. is in the worlds top three automobile industries along with Japan and Germany. These automobile industries are major wealth generators for Europe and the U.S. recently providing over 17 million foreign and domestic cars and trucks in the U.S., which in turn accounted for more than 400 billion in sales. In addition to these producers and trends, there are six leading automobile manufactures, which are located in the U.S. and Japan. The U.S. consists of Daimler-Chrysler which is regulated by the United Nations, while General motors, and Ford are the other two in the U.S. The other three are produced by Japan and consist of Toyota, Nissan, and Honda. Between these six companies, they control over 87% of the market. The automotive industry has been a crucial part of the global market with automotive products accounting for ten percent of global merchandise trade. Fortunately and unfortunately with trade also comes trade restrictions. So what is a trade restriction? A trade restriction is defined as an artificial restriction on the trade of goods between two countries. The most known and important form of trade restriction is a tariff, import quotas, voluntary export restraints, and antidumping actions are also restrictions which will be explained in more detail later. In this paper I will explain trade restrictions/barriers that the U.S. imposes on the automobile industry, what programs are available to help make automobile trading more efficient and attractive for everyone, and also mention the various tariffs and trade barriers. In addition, I will talk about the current global automotive market , new foreign policy introduced in the U.S. and other nations, and finally explain the ramifications of certain restrictions and there effects on different people groups within the nation. First, there are many programs whose intentions are to help the automotive industry in trading. First are (APEC), Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation and Automotive Dialogue (AD) which serve as a forum for APEC. (APEC) attempts to find strategies to increase the integration and development of the automotive industry in a region. AD try to promote growth and development of the regional auto industry while also attempting to offer certain recommendations. Some of the economies that have participated in APEC and the AD include Australia, Canada, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, Viet Nam and the United States. Many of these same countries have also tried and introduce new policies to make their country better off. For example, in 2004 China issued a new automobile industrial policy which discouraged the importation of automotive parts but encouraged the use of domestic technology in new vehicles assembled in China. In 2005, China issued regulations implementing the new automobile industrial policy.   The policy was said to unfairly discriminate against imported automotive parts and discourage automobile manufacturers in China from using imported automotive parts in the assembly of vehicles. In March 2008, Chinas policy was ruled inconsistent with several WTO provisions then in January of 2009, China complied with the recommendations and set rulings. Along with China, Korea also has attempted to bring out barriers that restrict importation and sale which include anti-import basis, standards and certification process and procedures, tariff and tax structure, and currency manipulation. So what are barriers/ restriction design to do? Barriers to entry are designed to keep out potential entrants from entering a profitable market. The barriers to enter the automotive industry are considered substantial, a new company must have the startup capital required to establish manufacturing capacity to achieve minimum efficient scale which is prohibitive. Many automotive established companies are entering new markets through strategic partnerships or through buying out or merging with other companies. Previously , the barriers to entry for new markets were low; However once the U.S. invited Japanese makers who began to offer quality vehicles in lower price markets compared to the U.S. changed this. Not only has Japan had success, many large automotive companies have globalized and entered foreign markets with varying degrees of success including, Asia, Africa, and South America whose barriers to entry are similar. As mentioned briefly before, there are a number of types of tariffs and trade Barriers that the government can employ and they include Specific tariffs, Ad valorem tariffs, Licenses, Import quotas, Voluntary export restraints, and Local content requirements. Specific Tariffs are considered a fixed fee levied on one unit of an imported good. Ad Valorem Tariff is based on a percentage of that goods value. Non-tariff barriers to trade include Embargoes, Subsidies, standards, and licenses which are granted to a business by the government which then allows the business to import a certain type of good into the country. So what effects can these barriers cause? Barriers can cause restriction in competition or increase prices on consumers. An import quota is a restriction placed on the amount of a particular good that can be imported. Voluntary Export Restraints (VER) is a type of trade barrier that is voluntary and is created by the exporting country rather than the importing one. Also, instead of placing a quota on a number of goods that can be imported, the government can require a percentage of a good be made domestically. The restriction can be a percentage of the good itself, or a percentage of the value of the good. Now that you know a little about tariffs and certain barriers, lets examine further the effect of tariffs and trade barriers on businesses and consumers. Patents, limit pricing, and cost advantages are all considered barriers to entry. In the short run, effects such as higher prices for goods can decrease consumption by individual consumers and by businesses, causing business profit and the government to see an increase in revenue from things like duties. However, in the long term, businesses can see decline in profits and efficiency due to lack of competition and future substitutes to their products. When speaking about the government, the long-term effect of subsidies is an increase in the demand for public services, overall resulting in less disposable income. When looking into the future, Japan continues its economic expansion which has allowed them to see continued success in exports. With the automobile industry being extremely competitive, the U.S. has worked with the, Big Three to introduce a program called the, PNGV which is a partnership for new generation vehicles. They aim to strengthen the U.S. global competiveness, keep jobs, while also trying to reduce the dependence of foreign oil, and improve the environment. The U.S. and Europe had increased concern regarding mobility, economic development, safety and environmental concerns when putting out new automobiles. As the government continues to try and provide incentives to reduce tax increases and fuel price increase they are also intending to find cars that reduce air pollution. Older models make automobile traded restrictions more difficult because of controversies over car prices and consumer preferences. Many consumers are now looking for vehicles that are equipped with, air-bags, power steering, antilock brakes, comfort, technology, and automobiles that reduce carbon going into the atmosphere. Car manufacturing must met safety, environmental, and business standard demand for international and domestic regulations. According to the future growth in the automotive industry over the next decade is expected to come from places like India, China, and Eastern Europe. Major companies are beginning to develop low cost cars, which include, Hyundai, Toyota, Fiat and others. With the increase worries about environmental issues, Hybrid sales have increased drastically. The U.S. and Europe are the main introducers of less pollutant and fuel efficiency standards in vehicles. So what are the ramifications of these barriers? Restrictions or trade barriers seem only to limit world trade, while also decreasing economic efficiency, reducing total production and employment, raise prices, and even cause retaliation. Some domestic companies benefit at the expense of foreign companies and workers, and domestic consumers. While subsidies do benefit domestic companies and workers in exporting industries, tariffs decrease exports and shift resources and production from more effective to less effective producers. In conclusion, while Japan continues to force competition on the U.S. It causes damage to the U.S car industry because of priced car exports. Causing the U.S. to now only represent s less than  ¼ of the world Industry and its market share continues to decline. Since 2007 the big three has been falling drastically. Chrysler is now selling 53 percent fewer vehicles since 2007, while GM is down 23% from 2007 and Ford 32%. Honda also saw declines along with Toyota who was down 37 percent, Nissan 31% and Honda 35 percent. All of these drops have caused oversupply in car lots, motivated dealers, easier financing terms, and long-term industry presence driving down the price of gas, making now the perfect time to purchase automobiles.

Orientalism: Defined and Shown Through The Work of Henry Kissinger :: Orientalism Said Kissinger Essays

Orientalism: Defined and Shown Through The Work of Henry Kissinger Edward Said first published Orientalism in 1978 and the book has continued to open readers' eyes to the true effects of biased thought. Said carefully examines what he calls 'Orientalism' in an attempt to show how different cultures view each other and depend upon other cultures to define their own. This essay will include a brief definition of Orientalism as well as how Henry Kissinger has an Orientalist view upon developing countries, shown through numerous examples from Said's book. Given on the first few pages of his book, Edward Said allows his readers to absorb the concept of Orientalism early on in his book, adding to the definition throughout. Said presents his definition of Orientalism in three "interdependent" fashions, the first shown through the Orient's place among Western European culture: The Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it is also the place of Europe's greatest and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilizations and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of the Other. In addition, the Orient has helped to define Europe (or the West) as its contrasting image, idea, personality, experience. [pp. 1-2] Simply put, Said claims that Orientalism represents how Europe has defined themselves against Oriental characteristics. A second form of Orientalism comes from the academic world and is still prevalent in today's society. Said states that "anyone who teaches, writes about, or researches the Orient [regardless of field of study] is an Orientalist, and what he or she does is Orientalism. In a more general sense, this can be seen when academics make the "ontological and epistemological distinction made between 'the Orient' and (most of the time) 'the Occident'" (p 2). Said states that while this form is not as common as in years past, Orientalism will exist so long as these ideas are taught. As the first of the two definitions deal with the "academic and imaginative meanings of Orientalism," the third meaning is derived from the combination of the first two. Said believes that Orientalism can also be thought of as "the corporate institution for dealing with the Orient- dealing with it by making statements about it, authorizing views of it, describing it, by teaching it, settling it, ruling over it: in short, Orientalism as a Western style, for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient" (p 3). Orientalism: Defined and Shown Through The Work of Henry Kissinger :: Orientalism Said Kissinger Essays Orientalism: Defined and Shown Through The Work of Henry Kissinger Edward Said first published Orientalism in 1978 and the book has continued to open readers' eyes to the true effects of biased thought. Said carefully examines what he calls 'Orientalism' in an attempt to show how different cultures view each other and depend upon other cultures to define their own. This essay will include a brief definition of Orientalism as well as how Henry Kissinger has an Orientalist view upon developing countries, shown through numerous examples from Said's book. Given on the first few pages of his book, Edward Said allows his readers to absorb the concept of Orientalism early on in his book, adding to the definition throughout. Said presents his definition of Orientalism in three "interdependent" fashions, the first shown through the Orient's place among Western European culture: The Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it is also the place of Europe's greatest and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilizations and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of the Other. In addition, the Orient has helped to define Europe (or the West) as its contrasting image, idea, personality, experience. [pp. 1-2] Simply put, Said claims that Orientalism represents how Europe has defined themselves against Oriental characteristics. A second form of Orientalism comes from the academic world and is still prevalent in today's society. Said states that "anyone who teaches, writes about, or researches the Orient [regardless of field of study] is an Orientalist, and what he or she does is Orientalism. In a more general sense, this can be seen when academics make the "ontological and epistemological distinction made between 'the Orient' and (most of the time) 'the Occident'" (p 2). Said states that while this form is not as common as in years past, Orientalism will exist so long as these ideas are taught. As the first of the two definitions deal with the "academic and imaginative meanings of Orientalism," the third meaning is derived from the combination of the first two. Said believes that Orientalism can also be thought of as "the corporate institution for dealing with the Orient- dealing with it by making statements about it, authorizing views of it, describing it, by teaching it, settling it, ruling over it: in short, Orientalism as a Western style, for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient" (p 3).

Home video game industry analysis Essay

History In 1949 the video game was thought of for the first time by an engineer named Ralph Baer but it would be years before video games would enter the spotlight. 1 In 1972 Steve Bushnell started the first gaming company Atari. Until 1978 there were very few games for the home system. In 1982 Atari releases a newer version and sales start to sore. In 1985 Nintendo enters the market with the NES. Nintendo still outsells both companies 10 to 1. In 1995 Sega releases Sega Saturn three months before the projected date and there are not enough games released because of this and sales are dismal. The same year Sony releases the Playstation at $100 less than expected with a variety of different game titles, sales are strong. In 1996 Nintendo releases the N64 which is received well by the public. Sega lowers prices to stay competitive. In 1999 Nintendo and Sony are in an intense pricing war on their competing systems. Microsoft also announces they will be entering the market with the X-Box. Nintendo releases the Gamecube and the Gameboy advance the same year. X-Box is released in 2001 and is received well and is out of stock most places. With all of the systems and game prices very high, piracy is becoming more and more of a problem with Mod Chips being developed that allow for pirated games to be played on all consoles. In late 2005 Microsoft releases the X-Box 360. 2 The following year Nintendo releases the Wii and Sony releases Playstation 3 and the problem of piracy still continues to this day. SWOT Analysis Industry strengths include well developed brand image for the leading three competitors. Each of the three leading competitors has successfully exploited its target consumers in age categories. They all have excellent advertising campaigns and have high corporate attention and resources. Industry weakness include rising cost of materials and R&D, the expenditures for developing additional high tech systems and games for the system at a reasonable price is becoming increasingly difficult leaving much lower profits for corporations. Opportunity exists when entry into the market is preceded by all others in the industry. Industry trends are leaning towards older population who appreciate graphics and complexity of games and have the resources to pay more for those games. Many gamers are ready to upgrade systems as new technology emerges. Threats to the industry include strong market competition, rapid development of technology, the cost of technology and the rating system given to games. Sub-markets are also gaining popularity including the handheld market and online gaming, which threaten market share. Business and Corporate Strategy Corporate and business level strategies for this industry are equivalent. The inferred industry mission is to provide entertainment through interactive technology. The industry as a whole falls into the maturity segment of the life cycle. Generic competitive industry average is differentiation among games, graphics, and abilities/extras of the game console. In the beginning the strategy focused on the hardware to make profits. 3 The strategy has shifted to software for increased growth. Functional strategies include; superior quality in game graphics and well built hardware. Games have evolved from single applications to cartridges to CD-ROM. Graphics have evolved similarly from 8 to 16 to 32 bit. Threats stated in the SWOT analysis can be minimized by staying at the forefront of the competition in R&D and finding ways to keep down cost while offering superior products. A venture into a â€Å"back to the basics† approach with the Wii has proved successful to attract female and novice users. Structure and Control Systems Strategic managers in the Video Game industry have developed a set of strategies to build competitive advantage to achieve their goals. Then an organizational structure has been put in place to use resources to create a competitive advantage. To evaluate how well the strategy and structure are working, managers developed specific performance measures. The four building blocks of competitive advantage are efficiency, quality, innovation, and responsiveness to customers. Recommendations With the home video game industry evolving, there are a few things that need to be in mind as you try to improve. You need to stay technologically advanced by continuing to change games, software, and new models. These adjustments require this technology to be low cost to be successful in this industry. If costs are high, not only will the customer be lost but you may lose your competitive edge. Competitive advantage in this industry is a critical factor. If you are ahead in the industry at one point, another company can come out with the next best selling product with new features and graphics capturing market share. Furthermore, being competitive in the sense of efficiency, quality, and response to the customers is critical in this industry. It influences a customer to buy your product rather than the competitors. If you have good quality and low prices, the customers would be willing to upgrade to the newer product line. With the industry constantly changing, you need to be on top of your game to be on top of the home video gaming industry.

How to Play Chinese Liars Dice

How to Play Chinese Liars Dice Throughout China, Liar’s Dice (è ª ªÃ¨ ¬Å Ã¨â‚¬â€¦Ã§Å¡â€žÃ© ª °Ã¥ ­ , shuÃ… huÇŽng zhÄ› de shÇŽizi) is played during holidays, especially Chinese New Year. The fast-paced game can be played by two or more players and the number of rounds is limitless. Players usually agree to a predetermined number of rounds or set a time limit but none of that is set in stone; new players and additional rounds can be added as the game goes along. While the number of players and rounds may be casual, Liar’s Dice can also be quite intense as its traditionally a drinking game. In China, in addition to holiday celebrations, its also common to see it being played at bars, in clubs, and even outdoors at sidewalk restaurants. What Youll Need to Play Liars Dice One cup for each playerFive dice for each playerOne table How to Play the Game The first player, Player One, is determined by rolling the dice to see who has the highest number. Once play has started, the winner from the previous round goes first. If there are more than two players, decide in advance if the play will move clockwise or counterclockwise around the table. Each player has their own set of five dice. In some places, the dice you have is known as your stash. The total number of dice (five per player) is known as the pool. All of the players: Place the dice in the cup.All of the players: Cover the cup with your hand.All of the players: Shake the cup with the dice inside.All of the players: Place (or slam) your cup upside down on the table, keeping your stash hidden from view.All of the players: Lift the cup and look at the dice, being careful not to reveal what youve rolled to anyone else.Player One calls how many dice of a certain value are on the table. This number is based on the entire pool, including his or her own stash. For example, Player One could call out, â€Å"two fives.† At this point, the remaining players can either accept the call and move on to the next player, or they have the option of calling Player One a liar. (It doesnt matter whether Player One has a five or not. Bluffing is not only allowed- its actually encouraged. What matters is if the next player believes Player One is bluffing and calls him or her out on it.)If Player One is believed, the next person becomes Player T wo. Player Two must now call out a number that is of greater value than the previous call. For example, if Player One called out â€Å"two fives,† Player Two must call out a minimum of â€Å"three fives.† â€Å"Three fours† or four twos† would also be unacceptable. However, even if the numerical face value is higher, Player Two cannot call out anything less than three of something. (For example, two sixes is not a legitimate call.) Again, if the Player Two is believed, the play moves on to the next player. When a players call is not believed, he or she is called out as a liar. At this point, everyone must reveal their dice. If the player who made the call is correct, the player who called him or her out must pay the forfeit. If he or she is incorrect, the forfeit is theirs. Once the forfeit is paid, the round is over and the winner begins the next round. If its drinking game, the forfeit usually involves doing a shot of whatever the player is drinking. Of course, you dont have to drink to play Liars Dice. Forfeits can also be money or some form of token.Subsequent rounds simply repeat the actions of the first until the predetermined number of rounds or the time limit is reached- or the players simply decide to call it quits. Tips for Players of Liars Dice In some versions of the game, the one is considered a wild number, which means it can be played as any number between two and six.Beware of cheaters who use the edge of their cup to turn their dice as they return it to the table after seeing what theyve rolled.When the venue becomes too noisy, players often use hand signals to indicate their calls rather than shouting them out. The first number is the how many, the second number is the value of the dice. The hand signals are as follows: One: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer finger upward.Two: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer and middle fingers upward into a V-shape (like a peace sign).Three: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer, middle, and ring fingers upward.Four: Hold up your hand and extend the pointer, middle, ring and pinky fingers upward.Five: Hold up your hand with all five fingers extended upward (like a stop sign) or pinch all five fingers together.Six: Fold the pointer, middle, and ring fingers into a fist and extend the thumb and pinky fingers outward.Seven: Make a fist and extend the thumb outward and pointer finger downward.Eight: Make a first and extend the thumb upward and the pointer finger forward (like a gun).Nine: Make a fist, extend the pointer finger and curve it (like making a C).Ten: Make a fist or using two hands, extend the pointer finger of the right hand upward and with the left hand extend the pointer finger to the right and cross it with the right hand forming a sig n.

Research and theories of sleep essays

Research and theories of sleep essays To talk about a concept, we must first be clear on its definition. Psychologists describe sleep as an altered state of consciousness. It is a resting state in which an individual becomes relatively quiescent and relatively unaware of the environment. During sleep, which is in part a period of rest and relaxation, most physiological functions such as body temperature, blood pressure, and rate of breathing and heartbeat decrease. The amount of sleep needed depends on both the individual and the environment. With the invention of the Electroencephalogram or an EEG as it is more commonly known has made it possible to monitor the brain's electrical activity. The EEG picks up and records electrical activity through electrodes attached to the scalp. The reading of a waking person is clearly different than that of a sleeping person. The EEG pattern of our brain during waking periods is very rapid, irregular and low on voltage. This means that many neurons are firing at different intervals and at different times, with different strengths too. This type of irregular electrical activity in the brain during wakefulness is called beta waves or beta activity. When we are relaxed, sitting in the sofa watching T.V. without any mental arousal, the EEG records a waveform called alpha waves or alpha activity, slower than beta waves. These two waves (alpha and beta) represent the irregular firing pattern of large areas of the brain. Brain activity is desynchronised while in alpha and beta activity. Sleep on the other hand is not a random process; instead, it is a very organized one. Through EEG readings Sleep has been separated into five stages. Stage 1-4 (non-REM sleep) followed finally by REM sleep. Once REM sleep is achieved, the cycle reverses itself and goes back though stages IV, III, II and again to III, IV and REM. Throughout the night, this cycle occurs at 90 to 100 minute intervals. ...

Modest Proposal-Satire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Modest Proposal-Satire - Essay Example And even under Obama, the US is still involved in a deadly conflict in Afghanistan, in which many young men and women are dying on a fairly regular basis. Of course, in these situations, it was not just the US presidents who were sending their forces into war: Ho Chi Minh, Saddam Hussein, and Osama Bin Laden have also been there on the other side, sending their own forces (although fewer young women are among them) to die in the name of a politicized, extremist religion. The solution which I propose to the pervasive problem of war between nations is simple and effective, and it is amazing that no one has thought of it before. To fully understand the solution, you must put yourself into the boots of a ground soldier. It is no matter what army they are fighting for; you make take your pick. In every case, they are fighting for someone else. They are fighting because someone is telling them that, for example, Iraq has WMD, or that America is the Great Satan. A lot of them are young men and women with no personal, political, religious, or ideological stake in the war for which they are expected to lay down their lives. My friend Pat from childhood went to Iraq with the Navy; he joined the Navy out of high school as a way to earn extra money for college, and he wanted to buy a sports car, which he was able to do with his signing bonus. Pat did not care about Iraq or WMD: he could not even locate Iraq on a map. He had no personal dealings with, or vendett a against, either Osama Bin Laden or Saddam Hussein. For that matter, he didn’t like Bush; he used him as an example of a person who had a â€Å"free ride.† Now that you know Pat, and how much he didn’t care about the issues before he was sent to Iraq to risk his life, you might wonder who should have been sent, and who should have fought. Here is the simple answer: George W. Bush and Saddam Hussein. They are the

Civil Disobedience. George Orwells 1984 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Civil Disobedience. George Orwells 1984 - Essay Example The capacity to think is what differentiates us from all other creatures that roam this earth. Our knowledge of the human beings is also what tells us that there are things beyond our grasp that make up for who we are and how we act in relation to our surroundings. Yes, I believe in the human spirit. I believe that there is a force much more than our tangible being that presupposes our need for the attainment of a life without constrictions or what most appropriately is, upright. This is a need that is the most fundamental aspect of our evolution simply because it is human nature. George Orwell’s 1984 is a terrifyingly realistic portrayal of a country manipulated by one party in such a way that they have reined supremacy over the people in a manner so cunning and much more egocentric than that of a monarchy.Winston Smith, the low-ranking official in the dominating party, is a representation of the human spirit. Overcome by the power and influence of Big Brother and the domination of ‘The Party’ he is the tamed voice of the internal screams of the people upon the knowledge of what is actually going on in Oceania. His outlook is one of optimism in the bleakest time. It is a yearning for an inkling of redemption even though it is almost something unthinkable given the circumstances of the time and the rampant greed and selfishness. The final conversation between O’Brien and Winston is a sad epiphany of a wishful thinking yet an admiring commentary on the perseverance of the human spirit despite overwhelming difficulties. O’Brien sarcastically comments on his unlikely optimism as being the last man of its kind. â€Å"Your kind is extinct;we are the inheritors. Do you understand that you are alone? You are outside history, you are non-existent†¦And you consider yourself morally superior to us, with our lies and our cruelty?† and to which Winston confidently replies, â€Å"Yes, I consider myself superior† (Orwell, p. 156). This conversation also discusses the principal notion of self over belief in any God. This is also what Emerson reiterates in his essay of self-reliance. â€Å"To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, — that is genius† (p. 13). What compels us to do everything that we do is first based on how we feel and how we react to the outside stimulus. With or without religion there must be that something that guides us in what we do and that our relationship with other people persuasive unto what we a re capable of doing and what we refrain from. As Marx famously said, religion is the opium of the people. If a person follows everything religion prescribes without having to think for himself then he is nothing less than the people of Oceania who dismiss all the capricious and whimsical acts of their own government who were supposed to be their representative and protect them from all possible harms. â€Å"Men are infinitely malleable. Or perhaps you have returned to your old idea that the proletarians or the slaves will arise and overthrow us. Put it out of your mind. They are helpless, like the animals. Humanity is the Party. The others are outside — irrelevant† (Orwell, p. 156). This ideology is the basic premise that allowed ‘The Party’ to maintain their control over the people. This is the very idea that Winston stands against. It is a social commentary on how there are powerful people that makes manipulation possible. It is a government grounded on fear, cruelty and hatred. There is absolute lack of equality among the people. The very essence of Communism premise that the proletariats have to overcome and defeat in opposition to the bourgeoisie. â€Å"

Phase 4 Individual Project 4 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Phase 4 Individual Project 4 - Coursework Example The first step would be to develop or at least design various initiatives that might help the local community. This way the company will show the acknowledgment of its role in the setting where it operates and will act accordingly (Mullerat, 2005). Furthermore, it will make connections with other companies in the local scene and this way becomes an integral part of the setting. The next step should focus on the environmental problems that the community experiences. There are several reasons for that. First of all, it is rather difficult to find a community that does not have environmental problems; that is why it often becomes one of the major concerns on the local level. Secondly, by paying its attention to the environmental problems of a community, a company will show its commitment to stay in it for quite a long period of time. The next step that a company should perform to improve its image is to become a role model for other, smaller companies. By doing so, the former will show that it is willing to cooperate and become a valuable contribution to the local scene. Of course, this step requires existence of successful programs that will inspire others. This might be regarded as a motivation for successful completion of the projects. Indeed, it is rather difficult to improve ones image without playing an active role as a leader. The last step should focus on explaining that the environment interest of the local community prevails over corporate interests of the company. This is a sure way to show commitment to sustainable development which is highly praised by the contemporary companies (Pearce & Barbier, 1990). This will be a statement which says that a company does not employ the old ideology of maximizing the return on investment at any cost, but acknowledges its potential impact on the local level, including the environment. Having examined all the points which were mentioned in

English Castle Essay Example for Free

English Castle Essay Castles are fortifications made to protect resources and lives as well. It is also the main structure of defense. Walls made of large well-defined heavy stones that are stacked to perfection. The castle has a stable, storehouse, bakeries, kitchens, cottages and quarters for soldiers. Usually a city a situated in a castle where a city is surrounded by walls and the only entrance is a single huge gate. This gate is where the merchants and entrepreneurs trade goods for the city market. It was the Norman conquerors who made the castle building an art. They built castles primarily as a defense outpost. They situate a castle in a high ground wherein it will be surrounded by water or a deep ditch. It was supposed to be high because it will delay intruders from attacking also it will be very susceptible for archers to snipe down intruders. Castle acts as keeps or strongholds that no one can penetrate. A castle is governed by a king, the highest rule. In the English setting, castles were built in Medieval era, wherein castles were made out of stone. This is a linear representation of what has transpired back then. In the Stone age, Causewayed Camps and Stonehenge was discovered. The Bronze age produced the Hillforts of England and the Maiden Castle, which is considered to be the biggest castle. In the Iron Age and the Romans Hillforts of England was reinforced since the English were under siege. The English people put up Hadrian’s Wall and the Roman Forts as a line of defense. After the Romans have fallen, the English people were restless with war and were attacked by Scotts, the Welch and the Anglo-Saxons. These invaders were also accompanied by the sudden attacks of the Vikings. By that time Alfred the great thought of defense mechanism to make England less susceptible for attacks. Alfred the great made the not a formation of walls instead made a strategic positioning of fortified towns that was called â€Å"Burhs†. Logically, if there are many fortified towns reinforcing each other then there will less attacks made because the chances of survival will be small. This happened in the reign of the Anglo-Saxon which is also known as the Dark Ages. But the root of all the prestigious castles made were from the Medieval Period spearheaded by the Norman Invasion in which they introduced the Motte and Bailey castle which is made from stone and wood. At this time, the Medieval Kings have devised a plan to erect Windsor and Warwick Castle. Then King Edward I conquered the Wales. He established the massive fortifications called Concentric Castles. Examples of these Concentric Castles are the Cowny, Harlech and the Caernarvon Castle. Concentric Castles were also called Edwardian Castles. They have no basic points of concentration. Their defense is the wall rings built around them and the entrance is a single gate that serves as bridge and also served as the gate. They lower the gates in the morning and closes at night. Castles in general are mainly for protection and also for economic purposes. There are estimated to be seventy-two English Castles and here are some of them: Alnwick, Lindisfarne, Warwick, Carisbrooke, Pevensey, Tintagel, Stafford, Pendennis, Lancaster, Herstmonceux, Saint Mawes, Grimsthorpe, Calshot, Rochester, Ludlow, Kenilworth, Richmond, Carlisle, Yarmouth, Bodiam and Scotney Castle. Among those numbers of Castle, a few stand-out such as Pontefract, Bodiam, Caister, Allington, Hever, Tower of London, Windsor, Warwick and Leeds Castle. Pontefract Castle was King Charles last fortress in the Civil War. Bodiam Castle was erected by a soldier in the time of King Edward III named Sir John Dalyngrudge. He believed that fortifying the castle would make it hard for intruders to penetrate. Caister Castle was built by Sir John Fastolfe, who fought in the French Wars. In the Allington Castle, Sir Thomas Wyatt was born. This castle was his sanctuary for writing the prose and verse of his poems. Hever Castle has a beautiful garden always been associated with Queen Anne Boleyn which is the concubine of King Henry VIII. The Tower of London is considered to be the royal residence of the King. It also means that it was the center of power. Tower of London is not a single tower but it consists of other different tower as defense structures. It thwarted the attacks of the Vikings. Beheading and tortures are also done here to show disillusion the people from the strength the government has and also to promote fear to their enemies. Windsor Castle is longest standing castle with its nine hundred years of its glorious existence. The Windsor Castle is comprised of three wards namely: Saint George’s Chapel as the lower ward, royal apartments and grad state rooms as the upper ward and middle ward is an amphitheater. The Warwick Castle follows a Motte and Bailey style that is made of wood but since the William the conqueror was in-charge the he changed the wooden part of the castle into stone by exploiting the Anglo-Saxon labor force. Lastly, the Leeds Castle, which lies on the River of Len and is strategically engineered between to adjacent islands. The name Leeds came from King Ethelbert IV called Ledian. Whatever the advantages of Motte and Bailey and Concetric designs, for being cheap and crude or tough and expensive, it sure made the history of England very meaningful. Acquisitions of land here and there entailed that there was a decentralized rule of power and due to it colonizers took advantage of it and waged war. The Norman conquerors should be proud on what they have achieved. Today, castles are just remnants of what has transpired back then. All of which is written in history, engraved in our memory. The hardships and sufferings of those who are tortured are screaming in the air where the castle stood. Ghosts of the dead haunt these sacred places, a place rich with tradition and full of honor and dignity. Castles are not just fortifications for protection but a shelter for the weak and oppressed, a symbol of bravery and diplomacy and above all a symbol of life in its borrowed existence. The English Castles are rich with memories of the executed and the times of triumph. For what of it remains is what is ours to preserve. Its existence can never be replaced, its value, its worth, and its beauty. Lastly, castles are not built by stone, wood or clay, it is made of the people’s blood, sweat and tears. People visit English castles because of awe and amazement that it brings to them. Its structure reminds them of how people have lived and it also depicts the events that have transpired back then. Since wars are the predominantly remembered association with castles, rumors and stories about the existence of ghosts emerged. The existence of ghosts is attributed to the executions done inside a castle and also to the prisoners kept in the dungeon. Though there is no material evidence to show that there are ghosts within these castles, people still insists its existence. The intricate designs and ornamentation around the castle adds up to the mysticism it brings to the visitors. The main attraction in visiting castles is the place where the throne is situated since in represents royalty and dominance over a large scale of people. But there is also an equal attracting part of the castle in contrast to the throne is the dungeon or lair. This is where prisoners of war are kept. In this place, it is believed that prisoners are being tortured to death to extract information from their army. Since, loyalty is valued, these prisoners are executed and their screams fill the air like a resonating sound of a ghost. Death is considered to be the ending of their torment. In sum, castles are visited based on their history and to what historical events have happened there. Castles best explain how the pre-existing people have lived their lives and also it show how technology have transcended to what it is right now. The scientific engineering and planning of creating a good castle is logically thought of. Every detail of a castle has a rational purpose. It was distinctively modified upon the needs of the people living in it. Lastly, the long-lasting castles are the evidences of the great historical events for the English people.

Lord Of The Flies- Literary Analysis :: essays research papers

The Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Creation Myth- Cosmogenesis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After investigating many creation myths, I have narrowed it down to two myths which I believe relate closest to the creation myth of Lord of the Flies by William Golding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first myth I explored was an Alaskan creation myth. This myth states that in early times there was only darkness and no light at all. Lord of the Flies begins with a similar situation. There is light literally, of course, but otherwise there is no light because no one knows what is going on or where they are or why they are there. The first characters we meet are in the dark about many things. This is how many civilizations start out. As the Alaskan myth goes on it says that one day a girl goes out, swallows a feather and becomes pregnant. She then gives birth to a baby with a ravens bill. She can not find a toy for the baby to play with so she allows it to play with a toy from her fathers house that he strictly prohibits. The toy is then broken and it sheds light on all of Alaska creating light forever. The next day the baby disappeared. This reminds me of how Piggy is the intelligent one who always insists that there should be a fire burning in order for the m to be rescued. No one listens to him much just as the lady in the Alaskan myth does not listen to her father. Piggy then gets killed and not long after that, the rest of the boys are rescued because of Piggy’s intelligence about the fire. Piggy was then gone just as the baby shed light on Alaska and then disappeared. I found this myth similar to the story in those ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another creation myth that helped me relate to The Lord of the Flies was the Japanese creation myth of Izangi. This myth says that Izangi and his wife were given the task of creating a world. I really believe that the boys in Lord of the Flies were placed on the island with the task of creating a world together. Whether it would work was the question. Izangi’s wife then died giving birth. Izangi went to the underworld to retrieve her but she refused and they then parted forever. When Izangi came back he washed his left and right eyes creating the sun and moon goddesses. Lord Of The Flies- Literary Analysis :: essays research papers The Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Creation Myth- Cosmogenesis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After investigating many creation myths, I have narrowed it down to two myths which I believe relate closest to the creation myth of Lord of the Flies by William Golding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first myth I explored was an Alaskan creation myth. This myth states that in early times there was only darkness and no light at all. Lord of the Flies begins with a similar situation. There is light literally, of course, but otherwise there is no light because no one knows what is going on or where they are or why they are there. The first characters we meet are in the dark about many things. This is how many civilizations start out. As the Alaskan myth goes on it says that one day a girl goes out, swallows a feather and becomes pregnant. She then gives birth to a baby with a ravens bill. She can not find a toy for the baby to play with so she allows it to play with a toy from her fathers house that he strictly prohibits. The toy is then broken and it sheds light on all of Alaska creating light forever. The next day the baby disappeared. This reminds me of how Piggy is the intelligent one who always insists that there should be a fire burning in order for the m to be rescued. No one listens to him much just as the lady in the Alaskan myth does not listen to her father. Piggy then gets killed and not long after that, the rest of the boys are rescued because of Piggy’s intelligence about the fire. Piggy was then gone just as the baby shed light on Alaska and then disappeared. I found this myth similar to the story in those ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another creation myth that helped me relate to The Lord of the Flies was the Japanese creation myth of Izangi. This myth says that Izangi and his wife were given the task of creating a world. I really believe that the boys in Lord of the Flies were placed on the island with the task of creating a world together. Whether it would work was the question. Izangi’s wife then died giving birth. Izangi went to the underworld to retrieve her but she refused and they then parted forever. When Izangi came back he washed his left and right eyes creating the sun and moon goddesses.

Lawmakers who Skipped Trip to Manhattan Insulted Constituents :: Letter to the Editor Essays

Lawmakers who Skipped Trip to Manhattan Insulted Constituents The visit to K-State by the Kansas Legislature last Thursday quite uplifting in a way, knowing that even though legislators face perhaps the toughest year of their careers, they still take time to get out of the chambers and listen to the people of Kansas. And then I read the article in Friday’s paper. Hopefully our elected officials have read the article I am referring to, and may they also take notice of this response. For readers who are unfamiliar with the story, although many of the leaders actually traveled to Manhattan to hear presentations about proposed research facilities, approximately 60 legislators chose not to attend. Some of them skipped simply out of protest, claiming the trip catered to lobbyists. To those few who made such a misguided choice, listen up. We’re going to review some basic concepts of government you may have forgotten. Your paycheck comes from the State of Kansas, which receives funds from Kansas taxpayers, who put you into office. Essentially, Kansans who pay taxes, myself included, are collectively your bosses. I’d love to be able to stand in front of the person who hired me and declare that I will not do my job today. Unfortunately, there is a high probability that I would not have a job the following morning. To those legislators who chose simply out of spite not to join your fellow leaders in the trip to K-State, you sent the wrong message to your approximately 22,000 constituents, telling them that you refuse to live up to the obligations placed upon you when you took office. It should be noted that some legislators had legitimate reasons for skipping the trip. But for those who did not have prior commitments or pressing matters, the blunt refusal of a request to be heard by the people of Kansas is utterly unacceptable. Public leaders should not be allowed to â€Å"protest† Kansans, even if they do consider it a â€Å"snow day.† Was the presentation in Manhattan a lobbying pitch? Perhaps, but what does it matter? Lobbyists or not, they’re still Kansas taxpayers who contribute toward your salaries, and you have an obligation to listen to them. The mindset, â€Å"we make them take off work and come see us,† is not how government should work. To our legislators who like to hide behind their desks rather than face their bosses, allow me to make a suggestion: The next time you receive an offer to visit with the public about public issues, take it.

MacBeth versions comparison essay Essay

There are many differences between interpretations of William Shakespeare’s MacBeth. This essay wall contrast Shakespeare’s original version and a movie version by Roman Polanski produced in 1970. Three major differences will be discussed. One difference between Shakespeare’s and Polanski’s version is the absence of the scene in England in Polanski’s version. In the Original MacBeth, MacDuff goes to England to convince Malcolm to return and fight MacBeth. The scene of the longest of the play; it is very drawn out and lengthy. Polanski simply eliminates this scene and shows Malcolm back in Scotland. The reason I feel that Polanski did this is that the scene detracts from the continuity and action of the play. The play is equally effective without the scene, and more streamlined. Another difference between the original and Polanski’s version is the scene where MacBeth kills the king, Duncan. In the original, Shakespeare was not allowed to show the death of a divine right ruler, so he showed MacBeth coming out of the king’s bedchamber after he had committed the murder. For Polanski’s version, however, he had no such limitation, and could show anything that he chose, so he showed the actual murder of Duncan, where Duncan wakes up, and MacBeth cuts his throat after stabbing him. The reason that Polanski inserted this scene was to show how cold-blooded MacBeth was, and that he would do anything to achieve his goal of becoming king. A third difference is the use of the letter that MacBeth writes to his wife describing how he has become Thane of Cawdor and the witches’ three predictions. In the original, the letter was read by Lady MacBeth, and then not mentioned again. In Polanski’s version, Lady MacBeth takes out the letter after everything with her and her husband’s plan has gone wrong, reads it, and then kills herself. The reason that Polanski did this is that the letter is a useful device to cause Lady MacBeth to kill herself. She reads the letter, and it’s all this happy news, but she and MacBeth are miserable, and all the good things in the letter have gone awry. There are scenes also in Polanski’s version which are not even included in the original. One of these such scenes would be the scene where the traitors from the war are being executed. They are brutally hung with cast iron brackets on their neck. This scene is very successful in showing the brutal treatment of traitors, the treatment that MacBeth would get if he was caught in his plan. The original did not do such a good job on this. Another of these such scenes would be the dreams that MacBeth has about Fleance killing him and Banquo helping him. Due to the extreme lack of technology in Shakespeare’s time, this was not possible. The dreams sequence serves to show how haunted MacBeth’s dreams are, and how worried he is about losing the throne to Fleance because of the witches’ predictions. There are many differences between these two version of MacBeth, and each of them, I believe, serves it’s own purpose to enhance and better the play.